Wheels, Tires, and Inner Tubes

Tire and Inner Tube Selection Considerations and Maintenance for Light Aircraft General Aviation Owners and Operators

Introduction

As an aircraft owner or operator, you know that your tires and inner tubes are vital components of your aircraft’s landing gear. It’s essential to choose the right tires and tubes and maintain them properly to ensure the safety and performance of your aircraft. In this blog post, we will discuss tire and inner tube selection considerations and maintenance for light aircraft general aviation owners and operators.

Tire Selection Considerations

1. Size and ply rating: First and foremost, consult your aircraft’s Pilot Operating Handbook (POH) or Aircraft Maintenance Manual (AMM) for the correct tire size and ply rating. The ply rating indicates the tire’s load-carrying capacity and its resistance to punctures. For most light aircraft, a 4-ply or 6-ply tire is sufficient.
2. Tread pattern: Tread patterns on aircraft tires come in a variety of designs, such as ribbed, smooth, or chined. Ribbed tires provide better traction, while smooth tires offer less rolling resistance, which can improve fuel efficiency. Chined tires have a unique design that deflects water, reducing the risk of hydroplaning.
3. Bias or radial: Bias-ply tires have cords that crisscross, giving them more flexibility and a lower cost. Radial tires have cords that run perpendicular to the tread, providing better heat dissipation and longer wear life. However, radial tires are typically more expensive.

Inner Tube Selection Considerations

1. Material: Inner tubes for aircraft tires are typically made from natural rubber or butyl rubber. Natural rubber tubes have better low-temperature performance and elasticity, while butyl rubber tubes offer better air retention and resistance to ozone and ultraviolet light.
2. Valve type: Choose the appropriate valve type for your aircraft’s rims. Common valve types include TR-67 (bent), TR-87 (right angle), and TR-218 (straight).

Tire and Inner Tube Maintenance Tips

1. Regular inspections: Inspect your tires and inner tubes during every pre-flight walk-around, checking for cuts, abrasions, tread wear, and foreign objects embedded in the tire. Replace any damaged or worn tires immediately.
2. Proper inflation: Check tire pressure with a reliable gauge during every pre-flight inspection and maintain the recommended pressure listed in your POH or AMM. Over-inflated tires can lead to premature wear and reduced traction, while under-inflated tires can cause overheating and possible blowouts.
3. Balancing: Balance your aircraft’s tires to minimize vibration and uneven wear. This can be done with the help of a professional mechanic or using a portable balancing tool.
4. Storage: If your aircraft is going to be stored for an extended period, place it on jacks to prevent flat spots from forming on the tires. Store the aircraft in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated area, away from direct sunlight, to prolong the life of the tires and tubes.
5. Periodic replacement: Even if your tires and inner tubes appear to be in good condition, it is essential to replace them periodically. Most manufacturers recommend replacing tires every 5-7 years and inner tubes every 3-5 years, depending on the usage and storage conditions.

Conclusion

Tire and inner tube selection and maintenance are crucial aspects of aircraft ownership and operation. By choosing the right tires and tubes for your light aircraft and maintaining them properly, you can ensure the safety and performance of your aircraft, ultimately providing a smoother and more enjoyable flying experience.